●▂● 打電話(Making phone calls)
1、請給某某/某單位打電話
Would/could/can you ring up...?請你...打電話好吧?
句中ring up意思是“給或人打電話”,除了用ring up外,還可用call,call up,telephone等,意思相同can you...?用得最一般:could/would you...?用在正式場合,比較禮貌。
2、電話撥不通時常說:
The line is busy,I can‘t get through.電話占線,我打不通。
/I’ll try again later.我過一會兒再打.
其間line指電話線路,get through指接通電話。
3、電話撥通后相互打招呼:
Hello,(name or telephone number)你好,(并通報自己的姓名或單位名稱或電話號碼)Hello,is that...speaking?你是...嗎?/Who is that speaking/calling?你是誰?/Who is speaking/calling,please?你是誰?
應對時常說:Yes,(this is)...speaking.是的,我是..../Yes,it‘s...here.我是....
4、打電話請對方找人或留言:
Is...in/at home?某某在家嗎?/Can/may/could I speak to...,please?請...接電話好嗎?/Will/would you give a message to...,please?請給...捎個口信好嗎?/Would you tell him my telephone number,please?請你把我的電話號碼通知他好嗎?/Can/could you ask...to ring me back,please?請叫...給我回個電話好嗎?
應對時常說:
Hold on/Wait a minute/One moment,please.請等一等/I‘m sorry...is not in./at home now.對不住,...現在不在/Can I take a message?我能給你捎口信好嗎?/Does he have your telephone number?他有你的電話號碼嗎?/I’ll ask him to call you back.我叫他給你回電話
●▂● 勸說和主張(Advice and suggestion)
1、You‘d better(not)do sth...你(不)干..../You should do sth.你應該干..../You need(to)do sth.你需求干....
2、Why don‘t you do sth?為什么不..../Why not do sth?為什么不....這是以反詰的方法提出勸說或主張,含有主張對方去干某事的意思,而不是問詢對方為何不去干某事的原因.
3、What/How about+名詞或動名詞...?這種句型表達隨意的主張,有尋求對方定見的意思,大都狀況下是主張和對方一同做某事。
4、“Shall we...?”這種句型用于主張對方與自己一同做什么,是一種一般的標明主張的方法。它和“Let‘s...,shall we?”句型能夠溝通,在答復時,假定支持這個主張,常用“Yes,let's…”或“OK,let’s…”
5、用suggest作謂語的陳述句
這種語句用于表達比較正式的主張,在會議上和評論中運用較多,也常用于書面方法,后邊常跟名詞、動名詞或that從句作賓語.留神跟從句時,從句中動詞用動詞原方法should+動詞原形。
6、用Let‘s最初的祈使句
這是最一般的表達主張的方法,主張對方和自己一同做什么.let's后接動詞原形.若句尾加上“shall we?”,“OK?”等用于尋求對方法的詞語,從而使口氣婉轉得多。
留神:對對方的主張標明贊同時常用的答語為:
Great太好了,That‘s a good idea.真是個好主意。對對方的主張標明不贊同,或根柢不能滿足對方的要求而標明抱愧時的常用答語為:I’m afraid that...我憂慮....,我恐怕.....I‘m afraid not.恐拍不行。
7、用should,ought to等情態動詞來標明“勸說”
8、用動詞advise,名詞advice標明勸說
7.問路及應對的外交用語
Excuse me.Can you tell me the way to...?有勞,請通知我去.....(當地)怎么走?/Excuse me.Han can I get to...?有勞,問怎樣去.....(當地)?/Excuse me,please,where is...?有勞,請問去...的路怎么去?
問路時,首先說“Excuse me.”意思是“請原諒”、“請問”、“有勞”,標明由于打擾而抱愧,然后再問路,應對時可根據實際狀況答復.常用的有以下幾種表達:
How far is it from here?它離這兒多遠?/It‘s about...meters from here.它離這兒大約...米遠./It’s about...yards/meters down this street./Go straight ahead till you see...沿著這條街走約...米就到了./Go straight ahead till you see...照直走到...(當地)間斷./Go down/along this street.沿著這條街走下去./Take this street/road.走這條街/大道./Go through the gate and you‘ll find the entrance to...穿過大門,你就會看到...的幾口處./Go down/along this street till you get to...沿著這條街走到...(當地)間斷./Turn right/left at the first/second crossing.在榜首/二個十字路口向右/左轉./You’d better take a taxi/minibus/No.5 bus...你坐出租車/乘小公共汽車/乘5路公共汽車.
●▂● 標明問好(Expressing greetings)
1、直接問好
一般打招呼用語,答語通常是重復對方的話
Hello.你好!Hi嗨!Good morning(afternoon,evening)早上(下午、晚上)好
2.您好!初次見面打招呼的用語How do you do?/Glad to meet you.
答語也是“How do you do?/Glad to meet you.”
3.對有一段時分沒有見面的熟人可選用這些句型:How are you?/How have you been?你(您)好嗎?
答語往往是:“Fine,thank you.And you?”
4.向知道但不常見面的人打招呼,可選用這些表達法.How‘s everything with you?/How is everything going?/How are you getting on?/What’s no/up?近來怎么樣?
答語可用:“Pretty well“/”Very well“”Everything is OK(一切順暢)“Not too bad“還好”
5.關于不知道想要叫他(她)停下來時,可選用這些說法:Hey,sir(madam)喂,先生(小姐)/Just a moment,sir(madam)等一下,先生(小姐)留神:此刻不能說:“Hey!You!”
2、直接問好
1.Please give one‘s(one’s代表不同人稱的物主代詞(如:my,our...等)regards/best wishes/love to.../Please remember me to sb.請向或人問好/請向或人致意。
2.“Say hi/hello to...(from me)”意為“向...致意/問好”.這相當于Please give my best regards/wishes to...(請代我向...問好)的意思。
關于上述問好,其答語為:Of course/Sure,I will等。
●▂● 感謝與應對(Thanks and responses)
Thank you/Thanks謝謝!/Thank you very much十分感謝!/Thank you so much/Thanks a lot多謝/Thank you very much indeed應該好好感謝你/Thanks a million萬分感謝!/I don‘t know how to thank you真不知該怎樣感謝你I’m really grateful to you.十分感謝你!That‘s most kind of you你心眼兒真好/You’re kind!你真好。
假定他人想為你辦事,可你覺得不用費事他或許他人替你辦事沒有辦成但你還要感謝他,這時你能夠說:
Thank you just the same.相同感謝你的好心/Thank you all the same.相同得感謝你/It‘s very considerate of you.你考慮得真周到!/It’s most thoughtful of you.你想得真周到!
在答復他人的感謝時,常說:
You‘re welcome不推讓/Not at all沒事兒/Don’t mention it不用謝/It‘s my pleasure我很情愿./No trouble at all一點也不費事/It was the least I could do這是我應該做的/I’m glad I could do it.我很快樂能這么做/That‘s all right.沒關系,不用謝/I’m delighted to have been able to do that for you能為你效能我很快樂/It‘s really nothing at all算不了什么,不用謝
●▂● 介紹(Introductions)
介紹或人的常用表達式
I‘ll introduce you.我來給你介紹......../I want to introduce.....我想介紹..../May I introduce you to...?我把你介紹給...好嗎?/I’d like you to meet...我想讓你見見..../It‘s with great pleasure that I introduce.....to you.很幸運讓我介紹.......給你./Let me introduce you to......讓我把你介紹給......./By the way,do you know......?趁便問一問,你知道.......嗎?
對介紹的應對
How do you do?你好!/I‘m pleased to know you.很快樂知道你./Very glad to meet you.很快樂知道你./Nice to meet you.很快樂知道你./It’s a pleasure to meet you.知道你很快樂。
●▂● 祝福、祝賀及應對(Good wishes,congratulations and responses)
1、當或人取得成功時
I have passed the examination!我現已經過考試了.
Congratulations(to you)祝賀你!
2、當或人外出旅行時
Good luck with your trip!祝您們旅途安全!Have a good trip/journey.=I wish you a good trip/journey.祝你旅途愉快,祝你一路順風。/Good trip to you./Nice journey to you.祝你旅途愉快/Have a nice/pleasant/wonderful time.=I wish you a nice/pleasant/wonderful time.祝你過得愉快,祝你玩得痛快。
3、當或人生日時A:Happy birthday to you;生日快樂!B:Thank you!謝謝!
4、當或人即將做某事時
A:I will take the exams tomorrow.我明日將參加考試.B:Good luck(to you)!(I wish you success!)祝您順暢!(祝您成功!)
注:上述幾點中祝福(賀)的答復可用.Thanks./thank you/thanks a lot.或It‘s kind of you to say so.謝謝./多謝./謝謝您./謝謝你這么說。
5、在公共節日里
A:Happy New Year(to you)!新年快樂!
B:Thanks.The same to you!(Happy New Year to you,too!)謝謝!您也相同!(也祝您新年快樂!)
七、央求容許和應對(Asking for permission and responses)
1、Can I/Could I/May I...?我可不行以...?
這個是央求對方容許自己做某事的最一般的外交用語,其間could I...?口氣最動聽;May I...?常用在比較正式的場合;Can I...?用得最廣泛。
關于所提出的央求標明容許或贊同時,可說:Yes./Sure./Certainly.當然能夠.Of course,you may.當然能夠.Yes,do please.請吧。Go ahead,please.請吧。That‘s Ok./all right.好的。
關于所提出的央求標明不容許或不贊同時,可說:No,pleased don‘t.請不要./I’m sorry you can‘t.對不住,你不行以/...I’m sorry,but...對不住,但是..../You‘d better not...你別....
2、Do you mind if I do...?
這是用來標明“央求容許”的外交用語.句中的mind作“介懷”、“敵對”解.整句的意思是“假定我干某事,你敵對/介懷嗎?”或“我干某事,”好嗎?留神:當咱們用“Do you mind if...”時,if從句中的謂語動詞一般用現在時;當咱們用“Would you mind if...”時,if從句中的謂語動詞一般用過去時,這時口氣更加動聽.應對時,假定標明“容許/不介懷”,常說:No,I don‘t mind.我不介懷/我容許。Certainly not/Of course not.當然不介懷.No,go ahead.不介懷,你干吧.Not at all.一點也不介懷。假定標明“不容許/介懷”時,常說:I’m sorry you can‘t...很抱愧,你不能....I’m afraid....恐怕....I‘m afraid it’s not allowed.恐怕這是不容許的.
3、I wonder if I could/can...?我想知道我能否...?
這也是用來標明“央求容許”的外交用語.句中的wonder作“想知道”解,后邊常跟if從句.整個語句的意思是“我想知道我是否能夠......?”用以婉轉地提出央求。應對時,假定容許,常說:Sure,go ahead./Yes,please do.能夠,請吧.Yes/Of course/Certainly.當然能夠,假定不容許,能夠說:I‘m sorry,but...對不住,...I’m afraid not.恐怕不行.No,please don‘t.請不要.......You’d better not...你別.....
●▂● 央求(Requests)
1、用may(can,could),來表達
標明贊同央求的應對:yes,you may(can)是的/certainly(=of course/Sure.)當然能夠/Yes,do please,好的,請吧。
注:上述答復中can不能換成could由于could在一般疑問句中標明婉轉的央求,而在必定句中,則無此功能.
標明不贊同央求的應對:No,you mustn‘t,不行以/No,you can’t,不能.No,you‘d better not你不這樣/Please don’t請不要這樣/Sorry,I‘m afraid not,對不住,恐怕不能。
2、用Shall來表達
標明贊同的央求應對:Yes,I‘d like to.好的,我甘心./All right(=OK)好的/(That’s a)Good idea好主意./Yes,Let‘s.好的,讓咱們走吧.
標明不贊同央求的應對:Please don‘t.請不要這樣./I don’t think so.我以為不要這樣./I‘m afraid not,恐怕不能
3、用Would,Will,Would(Will)you please...?/Would you like...?來表達
標明贊同央求的應對:Yes,I‘d like to.(=Yes,I’d love to.=Yes,I‘ll be glad to.=Yes,I should I like to)是的,我甘心./With pleasure.十分甘心.
注:上述答復中介詞to均不能省掉.
標明不贊同央求的應對:I‘d like(love)to,but I’m busy,我很想,但我很忙./I‘m sorry,but I’m busy.對不住,我很忙./I‘m afraid not恐怕不能./I’d really like to,but I have no time.我的確很甘心,可我沒時刻.
4、用please來表達.
標明贊同央求的應對:OK,(=All right.)好的./of course.(=Sure.=Certainly.)當然能夠./With pleasure.十分甘心。
標明不贊同央求的應對:I‘m sorry,but I’m busy,對不住,我很忙,/I‘m afraid not恐怕不行。
●▂● 抱愧和應對(Apologize and responses)
Excuse me for......請原諒我....../Pardon me for.......請原諒我......./I‘m really sorry for...../我真為.......感到抱愧.I’m awfully sorry.I don‘t mean to......我十分抱愧,我無意....../I’m so sorry.It‘s all my fault.我十分抱愧,都是我的差錯./I’m terribly sorry about.....我對......十分抱愧./It was wrong of me to do.......做......是我的差錯./I really feel bad about......我真對........感到傷心./I regret that......我悔恨......./I do apologize about......我對.......標明抱愧./I hope you‘ll pardon me for....期望你能原諒我......./I must make an apology for.....我有必要對.....標明抱愧./Please forgive me for......請原諒我.......
對抱愧的反響
It really isn‘t worth mentioning.真實不值得一提.Don’t say more about it.不要再提它了.Never mind,it doesn‘t really matter.沒關系,真的沒關系.Please don’t worry about it.請別為這事憂慮.It‘s nothing serious.沒有什么關系.Please think nothing of it.請別想它了.Well,it’s one of those things.哦,這是常有的事.That‘s all right.沒關系.Please don’t blame yourself.請別責怪自己.Forget thinking of it.別再想它了
●▂● 延聘與應對(Invitation and responses)
1、用一般疑問句方法
Will/would/can/could you come to...?是被延聘人接受的可能性較大.標明“請您來...好嗎?”。例如:
Will you come to take part in my party?你來參加我的聚會好嗎?
Would you like+名詞(代詞)/不定式/sb.+不定式?
此句型標明“您甘心...?或你是否甘心...?”,此刻延聘人不知對方是否接受延聘,是商議、問詢及試探性的延聘、央求或標明個人的主意、觀念。例如:
Would you like to go there with him?你甘心與他一道去那兒嗎?
B:Yes,I‘d like(love)to好的,我甘心.(相似必定表達法:Yes,I’d be happy to.好的,我很情愿.Yes,
it‘s very kind/nice of you to invite me.好的,謝謝您延聘我。
Yes,it’s very kind of you.真是太好了,謝謝。
2、用陳述句方法
I like sb.to do sth./I‘d like you to come to....這是向或人宣告延聘的常見句式。標明“期望(想叫)或人做某事”,常與would連用,是一種推讓的延聘。例如:
A:I‘d like to invite you to see a film with me.我想請你和我一同去看電影.
B:I‘d like(love)to,but I’m very busy.我很想,但我很忙.(相似婉轉拒絕表達法:I‘d love to....I’m afraid我想去,恐怕...,Thank you for inviting me.)
It‘s very kind of you to invite me,but I’m busy.謝謝你延聘我,但我很忙.)
●▂● 供應幫助和應對(Offers and responses)
Can/could/Shall I help you(with that)?我能夠幫你嗎?/Can/Could/Shall I do...for you?我能夠幫你干...嗎?/What can I do for you?我能為你做什么?/Would you like some/any help?你要不要什么幫助?/Would you like me to do sth.for you?你要不要什么幫助?/Would you like me to do sth.for you?你要不要我為你干...?/Do you want me to...?你要我干...嗎?/Is there anything(else)I can do(for you)?還有什么(其他事)我能夠為你效能嗎?/Let me do...for you.讓我來幫你干...吧.
應對時,不管你需不需求對方的幫助,首先得標明感謝.
Thank you./Thanks a lot/Thank you very much.謝謝./Yes,please./Thanks,please.好的,謝謝./Thank you for your help.謝謝你的幫助.
假定需求幫助能夠說:
Thanks.That‘s very kind/good/nice(of you).謝謝,那太好了.
假定謝絕幫助,能夠說:No,thanks.I can manage it myself.謝謝,我自己能夠抵御./No,thank you,but I can do it myself.謝謝,我能行./No,I can do it,but thank you all the same.我能夠干,謝謝./That‘s all right.thank you.沒什么,謝謝.
●▂● 看病時病外交用語
1、醫師問詢病況時的常用語
What can I do for you“你看什么病?/What‘s wrong/the matter/the trouble with you?你有什么不舒服./Is there anything wrong with you?有什么看病嗎?
2、患者傾訴病況時的常用語
I feel terrible/bad/ill sick.我感到很不舒服./I don‘t feel well./I’m not feeling well.我感到不舒服./I‘m not in good health.我身體欠好./There is something wrong with...我的...有缺點.
I have/have got....我覺得...痛./My back/nose hurts/aches.我的背/鼻子痛.
3、醫師給患者檢查時的常用語
(Lie down and)let me exam you.(躺下),讓我檢查一下./Does it hurt here?這兒痛嗎?
4、醫師看完病后對患者提出醫囑時的常用語
It‘s nothing serious.病不重.沒關系./You’d better have a good rest.你好好休憩休憩.
Take this medicine three times a day.這藥每天吃三次./Drink plenty of water and have a good rest.多喝水,好好休憩./You have a high temperature.你發燒了,/你體溫高./You‘d better go to bed don’t get up until you feel Better.你躺在床上,感到好一點再起床./Take 2 pills now and 2 more in 4 hours‘time.現在吃2片藥,隔4小時再吃2片./I advise you(not)to...我勸你(別).../I suggest you...我主張你.../You’ll be well/all right soon.不久你會好的.
●▂● 關懷和焦慮的外交用語
1、What‘s wrong/the matter(with)...?標明的意思是“你怎么啦?”、“你有什么不舒服?”、“出了什么缺點?”,用來問詢對方的疾病、苦楚、憂傷、事端等狀況,.句中的wrong作“異常的”、“狀況不佳的”,matter作“費事事”、“缺點”、“故障,指病痛或事端的原因.”
What‘s wrong with...和What’s the matter with...?兩個語句意思相同,能夠溝通.
2、Is there anything the matter?意思是“出了什么事嗎?”、“有什么缺點嗎”這個語句還能夠簡化為:anything the matter?
3、We are anxious/worried about...“be anxious/worried about”意思是“為(或人/某事)憂慮”,可用于各種時態,其間的be可用get替代(即“get anxious/worried about”)
4、There is no need to be worried.沒有必要憂慮./There is nothing to worry about.沒有什么能夠憂慮的.
關于他人的憂慮或焦慮,常能夠用以上語句標明寬慰.
●▂● 喜愛、討厭和偏疼
I.標明喜愛
1、用I like/love sth./sb.來表達.(標明“我不喜愛或人/某事”)
2、用I like/love to do sth./doing sth.來表達(標明“我為喜愛做某事”的意思)
留神:1)在like后加上標明程度的詞如:very much,a lot,little,等
3、用I enjoy sth./doing sth.來表達.(標明“我喜愛/賞識某事”的意思)
II.標明討厭
1、用I don‘t like(to).......來表達.(標明“我不喜愛或人/某事”的意思)
2、用I hate(to).......來表達(標明“我不喜愛或人/某事”的意思)
3、用.Idon‘t enjoy sth./doing sth來表達.(標明“我不喜愛或人/賞識某事”的意思)
III.標明偏疼
1、用I prefer A to B.來表達.(標明“我喜愛A甚過喜愛B”的意思)2、用would rather do........來表達(標明“甘心做........”的意思)
●▂● 標明贊同和不贊同的用語
1、標明贊同
Certainly./Sure./Of course.當然能夠./No problem.沒有問題.Yes,I think so.是的,我也這樣以為./I agree with sb.我贊同或人的觀念./I agree with sb.我贊同某事.I agree that...我贊同.../Good idea!/That‘s a good idea.好主意./It’s a good idea to do sth.干某事是人好主意./Yes,please.是的,請吧./You are right.你是對的./That‘s true./Ok./All right.好的./That’s just what I think.我也是那么想的./That‘s my opinion,too.我也是那么想的./There’s no doubt about it.那毫無疑問.
2、標明不贊同.
No,I don‘t think so.不,我不這樣以為./I don’t agree with sb.我不贊同或人的觀念./I don‘t agree to sth.我不贊同某事./I don’t agree that.我不贊同..../I‘m afraid not./I’m afraid that...恐怕(不)...